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Lead exposure 


Lead is a highly toxic metal that poses serious health risks when inhaled or ingested, especially in workplaces involving welding, paint removal, battery handling or demolition of older buildings. 

Exposure can result in conditions such as obstructive lung disease, kidney and central nervous system damage, neurological disorders, reproductive harm, anaemia, and in severe cases, fatal poisoning. 

Children are particularly vulnerable, especially when exposed to lead-contaminated dust or soil from deteriorating paint. Adults are also at risk, particularly during renovation or demolition activities where lead dust is generated. 

Lead testing

FAQs

  • What triggers lead testing requirements in Australia?

    Lead testing is typically triggered during refurbishment, demolition or maintenance of older buildings where lead-based materials may be present, especially where work may disturb painted surfaces, dust or contaminated soils and create a risk of exposure.

  • How can lead contamination impact project delivery?

    If lead is not identified early, it can affect how works are carried out, including the need for additional controls, revised methodologies or specialist remediation. This can lead to delays, increased costs and changes to project scope.

  • How can lead contamination impact project delivery?

    If lead is not identified early, it can affect how works are carried out, including the need for additional controls, revised methodologies or specialist remediation. This can lead to delays, increased costs and changes to project scope.

Our lead testing services

ALS offers a comprehensive suite of lead assessment services to help you meet regulatory obligations and protect both workers and occupants.

Occupational lead exposure monitoring:
  • Airborne lead testing – personal and area sampling compared against Workplace Exposure Standards. Results are used to evaluate the effectiveness of existing controls and ensure compliance with WHS/OHS legislation.
Residential and environmental lead assessments
  • Lead in indoor dust surveys – surface dust sampling to assess exposure risk, especially for children in homes, schools or childcare centres.
  • Lead dust wipe testing – wipe samples from representative areas to determine contamination levels and support clearance after remediation.
  • Lead paint testing – identification of lead-based paint in buildings prior to renovation or removal, with recommendations for safe handling and containment.

All samples are analysed by our NATA-accredited laboratories, and results are presented in a detailed technical report including findings, conclusions and recommended remedial actions.  

Whether you're managing a workplace, residential property or remediation project, our team helps ensure your environment is safe, compliant and free from harmful lead exposure.

Legal responsibilities 

 

In Australia, lead exposure is regulated under the Work Health and Safety Regulations 2011, which require employers and persons conducting business or undertaking (PCBUs) to identify and assess any work involving lead processes. 

If a task is classified as lead risk work, the employer must: 

  • Undertake sampling and National Association of Testing Authorities (NATA) laboratory analysis to determine lead content 
  • Provide reports with remediation action plans, including controls 
  • Conduct air monitoring during remediation works to help ensure exposure does not exceed the Workplace Exposure Standard (WES) 
  • Provide biological monitoring before and after workers begin lead risk work, including blood lead testing 
  • Notify the relevant WHS regulator if blood lead levels exceed prescribed thresholds. 
  • Implement controls to minimise exposure, including PPE, hygiene facilities, and confined work areas. 

These requirements apply across all states and territories under harmonised Work Health and Safety (WHS) laws.


Lead testing

FAQs

  • What is included in a lead testing program?

    Lead testing typically involves targeted sampling of materials such as painted surfaces, dust or soil based on how the site will be used or disturbed. The scope is designed to identify potential exposure pathways and provide data that supports planning, risk control and safe work practices.

  • What types of buildings or environments are more likely to require lead testing?

    Lead risks are more commonly associated with older assets, industrial sites and locations with historical use of lead-based products. Testing is often required where works may disturb coatings, surfaces or soils that could contain lead.

  • What happens if lead contamination is identified?

    If lead is detected, control measures may be required to manage the risk. This can include containment, removal, cleaning or changes to how work is carried out to prevent exposure.

  • Who is responsible for managing lead risks on a site?

    Responsibility typically sits with the party managing the workplace or project. They are required to identify hazards and ensure risks are controlled to protect workers and others on site.