Mould and bacteria can negatively affect indoor environments and create a range of health concerns. Depending on the species and level of contamination, exposure may lead to allergic reactions, respiratory irritation, asthma flare ups, skin problems or in some cases more serious infections. Certain moulds can produce mycotoxins, and many mould and bacterial spores contain allergens that can trigger symptoms in sensitive individuals. Health effects vary based on the type of organism present, how much growth is occurring, the method of exposure and each person’s susceptibility.
Indoor mould growth is closely linked to excess moisture. Leaks, poor ventilation, condensation and inadequate drainage are common causes in New Zealand homes and commercial buildings. Once moisture is present, mould can spread quickly, including into concealed areas such as wall cavities, under flooring, behind linings or within insulation. Even mould that cannot be seen may still release spores and compromise indoor air quality.